2024年7月18日 星期一 19:43:55

发展生物能源外部条件己成熟

 

  “十一五”期间,我国发展以生物质为原料的生物能源已成必然趋势,其中能源植物、燃料乙醇、生物柴油以及生物质发电和供热已列为重点专项。我国发展生物能源的外部条件已经成熟。
  虽然发展生物能源已获得国家层面的支持和社会的广泛认可,但目前还面临许多问题,如生物质资源不足,生物转化和加工效率低下,生物技术转化工艺难以实现规模化等。生物能源要想真正有所发展,科学界必须要在木质素、纤维素制燃料乙醇这样的世界性技术难题上联合攻关以求突破;同时加强对生物基因组方面的研究,以提高生物能源的转化效率。
  工业生物技术是发展生物能源的重要技术支撑。工业生物技术要走“以产品牵头,以市场为导向”的发展之路。工业生物技术具有技术的综合性、对原料的高依存性以及高风险性等特点。工业生物技术所谓的高风险在很大程度上是因为人们对现有科技水平的估计过高,对于生物技术产业化的难度以及产业化引起的环境、资源、生态、社会等各方面的影响评估不足。为最大程度规避风险,发展工业生物技术要充分进行第三方客观认证,做好向工业化推进的中试工作,将基础研究和应用研究相结合。
  中国工业与环境生物技术专业委员会认为,到2020年,我国生物质加工产业GDP将达到2.2万亿元/年,而目前仅为4000亿~5000亿元/年,未来生物经济的市场空间有望达到信息产业的10倍。

  

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